Insurance terms in plain English

Tap any term in your result to see this — or browse them all here. Plain-language meanings, not advice.

sub-limit
A cap on how much the insurer pays for one specific thing (for example ICU charges, or a named illness) — even when your overall cover is higher.
room-rent cap
A daily limit on the hospital room you can claim. Choose a costlier room and many linked charges may be scaled down in proportion.
proportionate deduction
When you take a room above your room-rent limit, the insurer cuts many other charges in the same proportion — so a small room upgrade can shrink the whole claim.
deductible
The part of a claim you pay yourself first, before the insurer pays the rest.
co-payment
A fixed share of every claim you agree to pay yourself — say 10% — with the insurer paying the rest.
waiting period
A set time you must hold the policy before certain claims become payable.
pre-existing disease
A condition you already had before buying the policy. It usually carries a waiting period — capped at 3 years for health policies. IRDAI Master Circular on Health Insurance, 2024
cashless
The insurer settles the hospital bill directly with a network hospital, so you don't pay the covered amount upfront.
reimbursement
You pay the hospital yourself, then claim the money back from the insurer with the bills.
sum insured
The maximum amount your policy will pay — usually within one policy year.
day-care procedure
A treatment that needs less than 24 hours in hospital (thanks to modern technology) but is still covered.
restoration benefit
If you use up your sum insured during the year, the insurer refills it so a later, unrelated claim can still be paid.
no-claim bonus
A reward for not claiming in a year — a discount on motor renewal, or a larger sum insured on health cover.
IDV
Insured Declared Value — your vehicle's current market value. It is the most a motor policy pays if the vehicle is stolen or a total loss.
depreciation
The drop in a part's value as it ages. On a motor own-damage claim, the insurer pays the depreciated value of replaced parts, not the full new price.
own damage
The part of motor cover that pays for damage to YOUR own vehicle (as opposed to damage you cause to others).
third-party
Cover for injury or damage you cause to other people or property. It is legally compulsory for every vehicle in India. Motor Vehicles Act 1988, §146
free-look period
A window after buying a new policy in which you can read it and cancel for a refund — 30 days for health policies. IRDAI Master Circular on Health Insurance, 2024
grace period
Extra days after your renewal due date to pay the premium without losing your policy's continuity benefits.
exclusion
Something the policy specifically does NOT cover. Exclusions are listed in your policy wording.
network hospital
A hospital tied up with your insurer where you can get cashless treatment.
pre-hospitalisation
Covered medical costs in the days just before admission and just after discharge — each within a set window stated in your policy.
surveyor
An independent person the insurer appoints to inspect and value the loss on a motor or general-insurance claim.
TPA
Third-Party Administrator — an agency that processes your health claims on the insurer's behalf (issuing cashless approvals, checking bills).
rider
An optional add-on you pay extra for, to widen what your base policy covers.
repudiation
The insurer's formal rejection of a claim. You can challenge it — your insurer's grievance cell, then IRDAI, then the Insurance Ombudsman.

Plain-language meaning — your policy's exact terms may differ; see your Key terms.